Semaglutide Medications

Semaglutide Info

What is Semaglutide?

Semaglutide belongs to a group of medicines called GLP-1 (glucagon-like peptide-1) receptor agonists. It is designed to help the body manage blood glucose levels, especially in people with type 2 diabetes. In Hong Kong, semaglutide is available under several product names and forms.

Medications that contain Semaglutide

The two main medicines that use semaglutide in Hong Kong are:

• Rybelsus - an oral tablet taken once daily.
• Semaglutide - a sub-cutaneous injection (often known by the brand name Ozempic) administered once a week.

Both products are supplied in several strengths, and they are offered as prescription-only medicines by the Hong Kong Department of Health. Generic versions may also be found, but they contain the same active ingredient.

Conditions treated with Semaglutide

Semaglutide is approved for the following health concerns:

• Type 2 diabetes - helps lower high blood sugar when diet and exercise are not enough.
• Weight management - for adults with obesity or overweight who also have weight-related health issues, semaglutide can support weight loss as part of a comprehensive plan.

In practice, the medication is used by people who need better glycaemic control or who are looking for an additional tool to aid weight reduction. It is not intended for type 1 diabetes or for managing low blood sugar.

How Semaglutide works

When taken, semaglutide mimics the natural hormone GLP-1. This hormone tells the pancreas to release insulin only when blood sugar is high, and it signals the liver to produce less glucose. It also slows emptying of the stomach, which helps you feel fuller longer. Because of these combined actions, blood glucose levels tend to improve, and appetite may be reduced.

Safety and side effects

Common side effects

• Nausea or an upset stomach, especially when first starting the medicine.
• Diarrhoea or loose stools that usually settle after a few weeks.
• Mild headache or tired feeling.

These reactions are generally short-lived and tend to improve as the body gets used to the medication.

Serious reactions

• Signs of an allergic response, such as swelling of the face, lips, tongue, or difficulty breathing, require immediate medical attention.
• Persistent vomiting, severe abdominal pain, or signs of pancreatitis (e.g., upper-back pain that radiates to the abdomen) should be reported promptly.

If any of these serious symptoms appear, seek help from a qualified health professional without delay.

Who should be cautious

• People with a personal or family history of medullary thyroid carcinoma or multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 are advised not to use semaglutide.
• Pregnant or breastfeeding individuals should avoid the medication unless a specialist determines the benefits outweigh the risks.
• Individuals with severe kidney problems should discuss alternative options, as semaglutide is processed through the kidneys.

Interaction awareness

• Certain other medicines, such as insulin or drugs that lower blood sugar, can increase the risk of hypoglycaemia when combined with semaglutide.
• Alcohol may worsen stomach-related side effects, so moderation is recommended.
• Some foods high in fat can delay the absorption of the oral tablet (Rybelsus); taking the tablet with a small amount of water on an empty stomach can help.

For a full list of possible interactions, refer to the product-specific information sheets.

What to keep in mind before using

Store tablets and pens away from moisture and heat, ideally at room temperature in their original packaging. The injectable form should be kept out of direct sunlight and not frozen. Treatment duration varies: the oral tablet is usually taken continuously, while the injection may be used long-term under medical supervision. Always follow the instructions that come with your specific product, as the way you take an oral tablet differs from how you use an injection.

Information disclaimer

This article offers general educational information about semaglutide as an active substance used in various medicines. Its purpose is to help patients better understand the ingredient and the conditions it is used to treat. It is not a substitute for professional medical advice or for the specific instructions provided with individual products. Medicines containing semaglutide may differ in formulation, strength, and directions for use. Always consult the labeling of your particular medication and follow your healthcare provider’s guidance for complete information on proper use, dosage, and safety.